MENELAAH KESENJANGAN KOMUNIKASI ANAK: TINJAUAN BERFOKUS FENOMENA TERHADAP TANTANGAN KOMUNIKASI KEPERAWATAN DENGAN ANAK DI INDONESIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55313/dcgb7f71Keywords:
komunikasi, kesenjangan, keperawatan anak, IndonesiaAbstract
Latar Belakang: Komunikasi pada keperawatan anak merupakan fondasi keselamatan klinis, kepatuhan pengobatan, dan kesejahteraan psikologis pasien pediatrik. Di Indonesia, transformasi layanan kesehatan anak dan penerapan standar ramah anak telah meningkatkan ekspektasi kompetensi komunikasi perawat, namun laporan empiris konsisten menunjukkan kesenjangan antara kebijakan dan praktik klinis. Tujuan: Tinjauan ini merupakan Tahap 1 dari proyek penelitian bertahap yang bertujuan memetakan fenomena yang terobservasi, hambatan interaksi, dan realitas kontekstual yang membentuk komunikasi keperawatan dengan pasien anak di Indonesia dan konteks layanan kesehatan Asia yang sebanding. Metode: Tinjauan naratif berbasis panduan PRISMA 2020 dilakukan di enam database (PubMed/PMC, Scopus, CINAHL, ERIC, Garuda, SINTA) dari Januari 2018 hingga Maret 2025. Lima belas studi empiris dan dokumen kebijakan memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Data diekstraksi dan disintesis secara tematik untuk mengidentifikasi fenomena berulang tanpa penilaian kritis mendalam. Hasil: Enam fenomena inti teridentifikasi: (1) hambatan komunikasi perkembangan dan kesesuaian usia, (2) dinamika triadik perawat-orang tua-anak, (3) pengaturan emosional dan kesulitan komunikasi, (4) hambatan budaya, bahasa, dan literasi kesehatan, (5) tantangan komunikasi digital/telehealth pada anak, dan (6) kesenjangan pemeriksaan, pelatihan, dan kompetensi. Kesimpulan: Komunikasi keperawatan anak di Indonesia saat ini beroperasi dalam ekosistem yang dibatasi oleh tekanan alur kerja, kompleksitas hubungan triadik, ketimpangan infrastruktur, dan kesenjangan pelatihan kontekstual.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Nurul Fahmi Rizka Laily, Suhendra Agung Wibowo, Ifa Nofalia (Author)
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